Anatomy and Physiology B/C

[Nooran008]

Time to revive this thread:
1. Why does the stratum granulosum look grainy when stained?

2. What is the function of the dystrophin-glycoprotein protein complex in muscle contraction?

3. What are the effects of hypercalcemia on the body?

1. The keratinocytes are producing large amounts of keratin and keratohyalin, making the bulk of the stratum granulosum and giving it its grainy appearance.
2. It acts as a membrane stabilizer to prevent damage caused by contraction
3. Calcium of the bones is leeched from the bone, weakening the bone. This causes bone pain and muscle weakness.

[reninkidney]

Time to revive this thread:
1. Why does the stratum granulosum look grainy when stained?

2. What is the function of the dystrophin-glycoprotein protein complex in muscle contraction?

3. What are the effects of hypercalcemia on the body?

1. The keratinocytes are producing large amounts of keratin and keratohyalin, making the bulk of the stratum granulosum and giving it its grainy appearance.
2. It acts as a membrane stabilizer to prevent damage caused by contraction
3. Calcium of the bones is leached from the bone, weakening the bone. This causes bone pain and muscle weakness.

Good, but for number 3, you could say that the nervous system would be underactive causing lethargy and sluggish reflexes. Also, there would be constipation, loss of appetite, confusion, and coma (in severe cases).

Your turn!

[Nooran008]

1. Which of the following would be capable of the highest rate of collagen secretion?
a. osteoblast
b. osteocyte
c. osteoclast

2. What binds to calcium during excitation relaxation coupling?

3. Dora has recently been exploring the rainforest barefoot. Her feet sweat a lot also, and when not barefoot, she wears a size 1 shoes when she is a size 3. Then, she noticed a scaly rash on her feet that itched and burned frequently. She goes to her doctor the next day. What would her doctor diagnose her with, how does this disease spread, and what are two treatments her doctor would prescribe her with?

[reninkidney]

1. Which of the following would be capable of the highest rate of collagen secretion?
a. osteoblast
b. osteocyte
c. osteoclast

2. What binds to calcium during excitation relaxation coupling?

3. Dora has recently been exploring the rainforest barefoot. Her feet sweat a lot also, and when not barefoot, she wears a size 1 shoes when she is a size 3. Then, she noticed a scaly rash on her feet that itched and burned frequently. She goes to her doctor the next day. What would her doctor diagnose her with, how does this disease spread, and what are two treatments her doctor would prescribe her with?

1. A
2. troponin
3. Athlete's foot (tinea pedis). It spreads through floors, towels, clothes, and people contaminated by the Trichophyton rubrum fungus. Some treatments would be taking over-the-counter antifungals and antibacterial soap.

[Nooran008]

1. Which of the following would be capable of the highest rate of collagen secretion?
a. osteoblast
b. osteocyte
c. osteoclast

2. What binds to calcium during excitation relaxation coupling?

3. Dora has recently been exploring the rainforest barefoot. Her feet sweat a lot also, and when not barefoot, she wears a size 1 shoes when she is a size 3. Then, she noticed a scaly rash on her feet that itched and burned frequently. She goes to her doctor the next day. What would her doctor diagnose her with, how does this disease spread, and what are two treatments her doctor would prescribe her with?

1. A
2. troponin
3. Athlete's foot (tinea pedis). It spreads through floors, towels, clothes, and people contaminated by the Trichophyton rubrum fungus. Some treatments would be taking over-the-counter antifungals and antibacterial soap.

All good! Your turn!

[reninkidney]

1. What is the difference between merocrine, holocrine, and apocrine secretion?

2. How does Mohs's surgery work? What kind of tumors is it used for?



3. Identify this skin appendage. What is it used for?

[donutsandcupcakes]

1. What is the difference between merocrine, holocrine, and apocrine secretion?

2. How does Mohs's surgery work? What kind of tumors is it used for?



3. Identify this skin appendage. What is it used for?

1.Merocrine secretion releases watery sweat, holocrine secretion is when the whole cell breaks down to release sebum, and apocrine secretion is when apex cell breaks of to release protein/ lipids/ steroids.
2.Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are treated by Moh's surgery. In the surgery they take out thin layers of cancer affected skin until the skin left is cancer free.
3.Pacinian's corpuscle? They detect deep touch such as a poke, or a push.
Hope I got them right, had to review alot of my notes to answer that.
Quick question: Are mechanoreceptors counted as skin appendages?

[reninkidney]

1. What is the difference between merocrine, holocrine, and apocrine secretion?

2. How does Mohs's surgery work? What kind of tumors is it used for?



3. Identify this skin appendage. What is it used for?

1.Merocrine secretion releases watery sweat, holocrine secretion is when the whole cell breaks down to release sebum, and apocrine secretion is when apex cell breaks of to release protein/ lipids/ steroids.
2.Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are treated by Moh's surgery. In the surgery they take out thin layers of cancer affected skin until the skin left is cancer free.
3.Pacinian's corpuscle? They detect deep touch such as a poke, or a push.
Hope I got them right, had to review alot of my notes to answer that.
Quick question: Are mechanoreceptors counted as skin appendages?

All right! Your turn! I think mechanoreceptors are counted as skin appendages but I am not sure.

[donutsandcupcakes]

I'll keep it easy since I'm not so good at this but..

1.List all types of joints and an example of where each of them is located.
2. Which disorder results in immobility of a joint in the spine.
3. True / False: Is the vertebral column part of the Axial Skeleton?

[jxxu20]

1. Joints can either be fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial. Fibrous -- syndesmosis (ex: b/t tibia-fibula), suture (in the cranium), or gomphosis (attaching teeth to mandible). Cartilaginous -- synchondrosis (b/t rib & sternum) or symphysis (pubic symphysis). Synovial -- ball and socket (shoulder), hinge (elbow), pivot (atlas-axis), condyloid (metacarpophalangeal joint), saddle (thumb joint), or plane/gliding (wrists/ankles).

2. Ankylosing spondylitis

3. True