Anatomy and Physiology B/C

[dchen22]

1. Why do humans have a blind spot?
2. Which ancestral mammal bone did the malleus ossicle evolve from?

[MorningCoffee]

1. Why do humans have a blind spot?
2. Which ancestral mammal bone did the malleus ossicle evolve from?

1. Since the area where the optic nerves connect with the retina has no light-sensitive cells, humans therefore cannot see anything there.
2. neural crest-derived mesenchyme of the first and second pharyngeal arches (i think)

[dchen22]

1. Why do humans have a blind spot?
2. Which ancestral mammal bone did the malleus ossicle evolve from?

1. Since the area where the optic nerves connect with the retina has no light-sensitive cells, humans therefore cannot see anything there.
2. neural crest-derived mesenchyme of the first and second pharyngeal arches (i think)

1. Yes, specifically because the nerve fibers pass in front of the retina, so there can’t be cones or rods where the nerve fibers exit the eye.
2. Sure, but I was looking for the evolutionary history (in synapsids). The ossicle evolved from the articulate bone.
Your turn!

[MorningCoffee]

woo endocrine time!
1. What is a goiter?
2. State the steps for a nonsteroid hormone entering a cell.
3. Define the 3 types of hormones.

[melaniaaachen]

woo endocrine time!
1. What is a goiter?
2. State the steps for a nonsteroid hormone entering a cell.
3. Define the 3 types of hormones.

1. What is a goiter?
A goitre (sometimes spelled "goiter") is a swelling of the thyroid gland that causes a lump in the front of the neck. The lump will move up and down when you swallow.
2. State the steps for a nonsteroid hormone entering a cell.
=>Steroid hormones pass through the cell membrane of the target cell.
=>The steroid hormone binds with a specific receptor in the cytoplasm.
=>The receptor bound steroid hormone travels into the nucleus and binds to another specific receptor on the chromatin.
=>The steroid hormone-receptor complex calls for the production of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, which code for the production of proteins.
3. Define the 3 types of hormones.

The three types of hormones are steroid hormones, peptide hormones and amino acid derivatives

[MorningCoffee]

woo endocrine time!
1. What is a goiter?
2. State the steps for a nonsteroid hormone entering a cell.
3. Define the 3 types of hormones.

1. What is a goiter?
A goitre (sometimes spelled "goiter") is a swelling of the thyroid gland that causes a lump in the front of the neck. The lump will move up and down when you swallow.
2. State the steps for a nonsteroid hormone entering a cell.
=>Steroid hormones pass through the cell membrane of the target cell.
=>The steroid hormone binds with a specific receptor in the cytoplasm.
=>The receptor bound steroid hormone travels into the nucleus and binds to another specific receptor on the chromatin.
=>The steroid hormone-receptor complex calls for the production of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, which code for the production of proteins.
3. Define the 3 types of hormones. The three types of hormones are steroid hormones, peptide hormones and amino acid derivatives

all correct, your turn! also, next time don't forget to use the spoiler function when answering! not me forgetting about this and wondering why it died

[SweetThings]

Trying to pick back up this thread, but I don't know the endocrine system yet so back to the nervous system.

1. What is the main neurotransmitter that regulates whether the basal ganglia follow the indirect or direct pathways.
2. When and where are alpha waves typically seen.
3. What is the cause of Parkinson's Disease.

[AJ27]

My Answer: 1. Dopamine
2. Alpha waves are seen in relaxed or drowsy people and can be found in the occipital lobe of the brain.
3. Parkinson's Disease is caused by the deficiency of neurotransmitter dopamine. Is that right?

[SweetThings]

My Answer: 1. Dopamine
2. Alpha waves are seen in relaxed or drowsy people and can be found in the occipital lobe of the brain.
3. Parkinson's Disease is caused by the deficiency of neurotransmitter dopamine. Is that right?

Correct, but for 2 I was also looking for something on alpha waves being background rhythm.
Your turn!

[AJ27]

More questions...
1. The surgical treatments of diabetic retinopathy are laser coagulation to seal damaged blood vessels, other laser surgeries to remove damaged tissue and which surgery (Hint: it has to do with the removal of something in the eye)?
2. What causes otitis media in the ear?
3. What is the most common type of color blindness?