Disease Detectives B/C

[UTF-8 U+6211 U+662F]

Breast Cancer and Calcium Tablets:
Cases Controls
Exposed 70 25
Unexposed 30 75

Odds of exposure of cases = 70/30 = 2.3
Odds of exposure of non-cases = 25/75 = .33
Odds Ratio = Odds of exposure of cases/Odds of exposure of non-cases= 2.3/.33 = 6.97
The odds of exposure to calcium tablets of cases-patients was 6.97 times those of controls, therefore, cases were highly associated with calcium tablets.

Odds ratio = OR = ad/bc, calculates correlation, not direct causation (I'm not trying to criticize anyone here).
Relative risk = RR = AR for exposed/AR for unexposed = [a/(a+b)]/[c/(c+d)], measures the relative risk of a specific exposure

Hope that helped!

Exactly right on the odds ratio, but another caution: you can't go from odds ratio to "times more likely" as easily as you can with risk ratio. Remember that if you do odds ratio on the roll of two dice, where one or two count as hits for the first but only one is a hit for the second, your odds ratio will actually be 2.5 (2:4 over 1:5). In reality, though, the event is only twice as likely, not 2.5 times as likely.

EDIT: Oops! Haha! That's supposed to be times more likely. Happy now?

[mnstrviola]

Hey Division C'ers, are you guys putting z and t tables on your sheet? Or would the event supervisor provide those if needed?

[fozendog]

Hey Division C'ers, are you guys putting z and t tables on your sheet? Or would the event supervisor provide those if needed?

My guess is they would provide them if needed....
I would memorize the important Z ones, like 1.96 for 95%, but T is hard because of the different DFs.

[SOnerd]

Hey Guys, a few more questions about modes of transmissions.
I'm making a list with each mode of transmission on my notes, and listing diseases under each. What are all the "categories" I should have?
So far, there is: Food-Bourne, Water-Bourne, Airborne, Sexual, Mosquito-Borne, Tick-Borne, and Droplet.
With Direct and Indirect contact, are there certain modes of transmission (listed above ^) that are 'sub categories' of indirect and direct contact? For example, would all STDs be considered direct contact, all food/water borne be considered indirect?

Thanks

EDIT- Also, what mode of transmission would Athlete's Foot fall under?

[UTF-8 U+6211 U+662F]

Hey Guys, a few more questions about modes of transmissions.
I'm making a list with each mode of transmission on my notes, and listing diseases under each. What are all the "categories" I should have?
So far, there is: Food-Bourne, Water-Bourne, Airborne, Sexual, Mosquito-Borne, Tick-Borne, and Droplet.
With Direct and Indirect contact, are there certain modes of transmission (listed above ^) that are 'sub categories' of indirect and direct contact? For example, would all STDs be considered direct contact, all food/water borne be considered indirect?

Thanks

EDIT- Also, what mode of transmission would Athlete's Foot fall under?

Athlete's foot: Direct Contact, Fomites, etc.

Food-Borne + Water-Borne = via a medium

Mosquito-Borne + Tick-Borne = Vector Transmission

Please Google:
Direct transmission,
Indirect transmission

[Flavorflav]

You should do representatives for each group of illnesses.
Food-borne: Salmonellosis, E. coli infections, etc.
Water-borne: Giardiasis, Cholera, etc.
Airborne: Tuberculosis, Measles, etc.
Sexual: Hepatitis, Herpes, Cervical Cancers, etc.
Mosquito-borne: Malaria, Yellow Fever, etc.
Tick-borne: Lyme disease, etc.

Careful again. Hep B and C may be sexually transmitted, but Hep A is usually foodborne.

P.S. I'm really, really not trying to pick on you - just trying to be helpful.

[UTF-8 U+6211 U+662F]

By hepatitis, I meant Hepatits B.

[SOnerd]

What types of bias/errors should I put on my notes other than:
Aggregation Bias
Berksen’s Bias
Confounding Bias
Ecological Fallacy
Information Bias
Interviewer Bias
Random Error
Recall Bias
Non-Response Bias
Selection Bias
Surveillance Bias
Systematic Error?

[UTF-8 U+6211 U+662F]

What types of bias/errors should I put on my notes other than:
Aggregation Bias
Berksen’s Bias
Confounding Bias
Ecological Fallacy
Information Bias
Interviewer Bias
Random Error
Recall Bias
Non-Response Bias
Selection Bias
Surveillance Bias
Systematic Error?

In my opinion, that's way too many biases... especially for B Division!

[aa1215]

When I did disease detectives B-division there was very rarely bias questions on the test. At most, it was just logic and you really don't have to know all of this. However, once you get to division C, knowing all of these biases is very useful- so keep doing what you're doing!

What types of bias/errors should I put on my notes other than:
Aggregation Bias
Berksen’s Bias
Confounding Bias
Ecological Fallacy
Information Bias
Interviewer Bias
Random Error
Recall Bias
Non-Response Bias
Selection Bias
Surveillance Bias
Systematic Error?