What's on your CTRL+V?

[lumosityfan]

https://www.arl.hpc.mil/software/descri ... =CFD%2B%2B

[LittleMissNyan]

o hours after President John F. Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, Vice President Lyndon Johnson was sworn in as the nation’s 36th president aboard Air Force One at Dallas’ Love Field. Cecil Stoughton, a former Army photographer who had served as the official White House photographer since 1961 (the first person to hold the post), took the historic photo of Judge Sarah Hughes administering the oath of office to a solemn Johnson, flanked by his wife, a group of staffers and a stunned-looking Jaqueline Kennedy, still clad in the pink Chanel suit she was wearing when her husband was shot.

At the time of Kennedy’s assassination, Stoughton was riding several cars behind the president as part of his motorcade. Afterward, Stoughton went to Parkland Hospital, where Kennedy died, then raced to Love Field for Johnson’s swearing-in. Stoughton was the only photographer on the plane when Johnson was inaugurated and initially, when his camera malfunctioned, it appeared there wouldn’t be any photographic record. However, he quickly fixed the problem and was able to document the event. In a chaotic time for America, Stoughton’s photograph demonstrated the country still had continuity of government.

[LittleMissNyan]

A letter from June 21st, 2020
To you who is reading this,
Things might be tough right now, but it'll be alright. Keep on fighting, keep on getting up even when the world gives you so many reasons not to. Because guess what? There are still so many possibilities that tomorrow holds.

Some days may get dark and cloudy, but know that the sun will always find its way to shine trough your window again. The sun will shine on you again, it'll be brighter someday. Just keep on believing, fighting, and living.

And if you're tired, take a rest, but don't stop. Just take it slowly, one step at a time, and eventually, you'll get there

You're gonna be okay. Every little thing is gonna be okay. This too shall pass.

-bdm

[sneepity]

To spread the goodness of stationery, you can add {{subst:Stationery}} to someone's talk page with a friendly message!

thanks sciolyperson1!!

also i'm not a BOT

[sneepity]

124. Can morality ever be objective or is it always subjective? If it can be objective, in what instances? If it’s always subjective, how do we decide whose concept of morality is correct?
hmm, spicy philosophy questions

[LittleMissNyan]

Auto Affiliate#5651
User ID: 718262079748046888
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(spambot in a discord server)

[HugoTroop]

 Mass: 117 kg

 Explosive Mass: 45.3 kg TNT

 TNT Equivalent: 45.3 kg

(doing research on soviet aerial bombs, as per my location, the russian ministry of defense archives)

[sneepity]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0Izef1rvF4
this beautiful boy

[HugoTroop]

​
Yak-1 (M-105PA)

Yak-1 (M-105PF)

 

The Yak-1 with M-105PA engine was a production variant of the Yak-1 from 1941 and early 1942. It would be replaced by the Yak-1 with M-105PF engine in May 1942, only a few months before the Yak-1 received a major overhaul to become the "Yak-1B".

 



A Yak-1 with the M-105PF engine.

 

OVERVIEW

 
Aside from a few minor visual differences, the only notable change between these aircraft and the existing Yak-1 would be their engines. Being more powerful, they simply offer better flight performance. They could easily be foldered with the Yak-1 and Yak-1B. The Yak-1 (M-105PA) is more similar to the Yak-1 (M-105P) already in-game and would probably retain the same battle rating. The Yak-1 (M-105PF) has noticeably higher performance and may be suited for battle rating 2.7 (AB/RB) or 3.0 (AB/SB).

 

Images

Spoiler
http://airfield.narod.ru/yak/yak-1/colo ... k-1_14.jpg

http://airfield.narod.ru/yak/yak-1/colo ... 1_08-1.jpg

http://www.ram-home.com/ram-old/yak-1-gor1p178.jpg

Due to the visual similarities between the Yak-1 (M-105P), Yak-1 (M-105PA), and Yak-1 (M-105PF), it is not clear which model these are.


 

 

HISTORY

 
At first, a pre-production run of Yak-1 were produced at No. 301 factory in Moscow. One was completed on 22 March 1940, while ten more would be completed by the beginning of June. These aircraft were built from mixed wood and metal construction, as most wartime Soviet aircraft would. The original 3-piece canopy, lifted directly from the I-26 prototype, was also featured, as well as a 8 mm armor plate behind the pilot. Each wing contained two spars with fuel tanks inside, and had metal landing flaps and duralumin aileron frames. They were outfitted with a 12-cylinder liquid-cooled M-105P engine and a VISH-61P metal 3-blade propellor with variable pitch, diameter 3 meters. One ShVAK cannon fired through the nose, while two ShKAS machine guns were synchronized to fire through the propellor arc.

 

The defects of the eleven pre-series aircraft would not be resolved quickly, though. Although production had started in Summer 1940, the first aircraft featuring significant revisions was not delivered until February 1941. While there were originally 10 design flaws to correct, this number was bumped up to 43 by the Yakovlev Design Bureau (Yak-OKB) and No. 301 factory. However, of the ten original 'grievances', two were not implemented. The tailwheel turning range was insufficient and the oxygen mask tubing was unreliable.

 

Of the 43 corrections, about 75% were adopted. At the end of February 1941, the first Yak-1 of the fourth series were produced and delivered for testing. While a general improvement over the pre-production aircraft, it was still fraught with many of the issues it supposedly solved. In the long run, the aircraft produced by No. 301 were of too poor quality to be serviceable. 

 

In May 1940, the first production orders for the new Yak-1 were issued. Factory No. 47 in Leningrad, Factory No. 301 in Moscow, and Factory No. 292 in Saratov were the only factories to produce the Yak-1. From then until March 1941, No. 301 would produce 117 aircraft before switching to Yak-7UTI production. Meanwhile, No. 47 would only release two aircraft before evacuating east in 1941 in the face of advancing German forces. This left No. 292 as the sole producer of Yak-1 for the remainder of its production run. By the end of 1940, only 64 aircraft would be delivered, all with terrible design and manufacturing issues. 

 

On 10 June 1941, the first aircraft from No. 292 factory were delivered for tests. While an improvement over the No. 301 factory aircraft, there were still issues with the engine, cooling, and fuel consumption. Radios, compasses, and landing lights were still missing. There were various cracks, lights often burnt out, pneumatic fluids leaked, structural failings, and weapon jams.

 

By the outbreak of war on 22 June 1941, around 400 Yak-1s were in service. They still had many of the above-mentioned issues. Most were lost within the first few days due to a plethora of reasons. 

 

While production ran, various improvements were made. The 20th series Yak-1 (Nov. 1941) received the RSI-4 radio (although only 1 in 10 aircraft had a transmitter), landing lights, "afterburner" (WEP) control, a flap on the air intake, deflectors on the cowling to prevent oil or fuel from obscuring the cockpit, a flare gun, and rails for RO-82 rockets. Meanwhile, the automatic pressure device AD-50 was removed from the air intake system, the tail wheel was fixed in place, the landing gear fairings were reduced, the landing gear lever was moved from the left console to the dashboard, a multimeter was installed, the ShVAK cannon received an additional 10 rounds (for a total of 120 rounds), a power supply was installed (for the radio) and more components were converted from wood to metal. This modification was not perfect as it still suffered from fuel leaks due to overpressuring.

 

In 1941, the M-105PA began entering production and being fitted to the Yak-1s. The main differences were a reinforced crankcase, stronger connecting rods, a floatless carburetor which allowed for five minutes of inverted flight or negative-G dives, hyperbolic bore of the crankshaft bearings (thus increasing service lift), and the installation of a more advanced P-7 throttle rather than the P-2. The Afterburner (WEP) controls were refined, Bakelite was removed from the crankcase, and fuel consumption was limited to (?) around 270-280 gallons per hour (?). 

 

The Yak-1 with M-105P and M-105PA would be mass-produced from September 1940 until May 1942. A total of 2947 aircraft were built.

 

In April 1942, an effort was undertaken to improve the performance of the M-105PA engine. While initial tests were promising, there were some drawbacks. The engine, water, and oil tended to overheat after just 2 to 3 minutes of level flight during the summer (18-23°C air temperature). During climbs, it was necessary to level off every 2500-3000 meters due to the overheating. The overheating also caused oil leaks, which in turn damaged the radiator and blinded the pilot. Opening the cockpit to see out would cause a loss of 15 km/h. The more powerful engine also caused some issues with handling on the ground. Finally, the rocket rail mountings were removed sometime in the spring as they caused excessive drag.

 

In May 1942, the M-105PA was supplanted by the M-105PF at No. 26 factory, which produced the engines. The Yak-1 would start to be fitted with it at the beginning of June. It featured greater power but decreased high-altitude performance, increasing the air pressure (in the carburetor?) to 910 to 1050 mm Hg. In conjunction with the new engine, an OP-352 oil cooler was added as well as a larger cooling surface. The shape of the oil cooler's cowling was adjusted, and a safety guard was removed from the water radiator pipes. These changes significantly improved the flight characteristics of the Yak-1. The general improvement of manufacturing of parts also improved flight performance.

 

The Yak-1 with M-105PF was mass-produced from June 1942 to September 1942. In total, 1484 aircraft were produced.

 

Also in June, work began on overhauling the Yak-1 design as a whole. This would result mainly in changes to the canopy, armament, and cockpit of the Yak-1. A teardrop canopy with armored glass would be used as opposed to the old unarmored razorback, a redesigned cockpit, loosely based on German designs, was installed, featuring a new gun sight and yoke, among many other additions. The two ShKAS were replaced by a single UB. This variant would not officially receive a new name, simply just noted as later-series production Yak-1. However, it is most commonly known by the name Yak-1B.


Serial production of the Yak-1B ran from September 1942 to July 1944. A total of 4188 of them were built, with 5672 Yak-1 models fitted with the M-105PF (including the older models) total. All in all, around 8619 Yak-1 would be produced, barring the prototypes and pre-production aircraft, before production was halted in 1944 in favor of the more advanced Yak-3 and Yak-9 models. 

 

 

STATISTICS

 
Yak-1 (M-105PA) (Yak-1 Series 20)

 

Crew 1

 

Length 8.48 m | Wingspan 10.0 m | Height 2.64 m

Wing Surface Area 17.15 m2

Empty Weight 2445 kg | Full Weight 2930 kg

 

1x M-105PA 12-cylinder water cooled V-type petrol engine

1050 hp

 

Speed

Sea Level 472 km/h | 4850 m 536 km/h | Landing 141 km/h

 

Rate of Climb 15.4 m/s

 

Fuel 408 L | Range 770 km

 

Armor 8 mm Steel behind pilot

 

Armament

1x ShVAK (120 Rounds) | 2x ShKAS (1240 Rounds)

2x FAB-50 OR 2x FAB-100 OR 6x RS-82 OR 6x RBS-82

 

 

 

 

 

Yak-1 (M-105PF) (Yak-1 Series 69)

 

Crew 1

 

Length 8.48 m | Wingspan 10.0 m | Height 2.64 m

Wing Surface Area 17.15 m2

Empty Weight 2412 kg | Full Weight 2917 kg

 

1x M-105PF 12-cylinder water cooled V-type petrol engine

1180 hp

 

Speed

Sea Level 523 km/h | 3650 m 571 km/h | Landing 141 km/h

 

Rate of Climb 15.5 m/s

 

Fuel 408 L | Range 650 km

 

Armor 8 mm Steel behind pilot

 

Armament

1x ShVAK (120 Rounds) | 2x ShKAS (1240 Rounds)

2x FAB-50 OR 2x FAB-100

 
 
 

SOURCES

 
http://www.ram-home.com/ram-old/yak-1pf.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klimov_M-105

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/М-105_(двигатель)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-1

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Як-1

http://www.ram-home.com/ram-old/yak-1mass.html

https://airpages.ru/eng/ru/yak1.shtml

http://airfield.narod.ru/yak/yak-1/yak-1.html

http://airfield.narod.ru/yak/yak-1/yak-1_tth.html

http://www.airvectors.net/avyak1.html

http://www.wardrawings.be/WW2/Files/2-A ... /Yak-1.htm

http://www.wardrawings.be/WW2/Files/2-A ... Yak-1b.htm

http://www.ipmsstockholm.org/magazine/1 ... fusion.htm

https://stormbirds.blog/2019/07/21/lege ... and-yak-7/

​

[LittleMissNyan]

https://scratch.mit.edu/projects/410197153/